Glaucoma is the 2nd cause of blindness behind cataracts in the US and affects over sixy million individuals. THC and marijuana both have been shown to reduce intraocular pressure, which is the main problem with glaucoma. One of the well known uses for medical marijuana is glaucoma.
The most common glaucoma type is primary open angle. It’s a slowly progressive disorder that destroys retinal cells and degrades the optic nerve. A patient’s visual field slowly disappears as it’s constricted, resulting in blindness.
Three factors have been identified which create risk factors for glaucoma. The first two are out of a person’s control = Age and Race. The third, increased intra-ocular pressure, is the one that’s potentially controllable.
Ocular pressure normally results from the eye shape being maintained by fluid in the eye called aqueous humor. The fluid flows between the front of the eye and the back of the cornea. If a person has increased pressure, the flow of fluid from the front of the eye is restricted, and the pressure rises. It is this fluid that is suspected to provide nutrients to the optic nerve.
Decreasing eye pressure does not necessarily guarantee prevention of glaucoma, but it is actually the only controllable risk factor, it is the one medications are used for.
The 2 ways medications decrease eye pressure are:
1) Reducing the production of aqueous fluid
2) Making is easier for the front eye fluid to flow out
A few surgery options exist which can hopefully achieve the same goal.
Multiple studies have displayed effects of THC and marijuana on decreasing eye pressure. Whether the THC is eaten, inhaled, or smoked, intraocular pressure is decreased. Putting cannabinoids right on the eye didn’t work.
Research has not shown us exactly how cannabinoids reduce IOP. They work at reducing IOP for about 4 hours. That means having to take it 4 to 8 times per day, whereas, there are other medications only necessary twice per day.
The side effects of marijuana intake, such as the psychoactive effects, may be difficult for the elderly to tolerate. It may cause the heart to “race” and make patients anxious. The IOP in patients with glaucoma needs to be controlled continuously since it’s a progressive disease.
With the most recent medications being effective for IOP control, marijuana is not typically a first line treatment. It is usually less effective and more problematic than the latest meds. However, for a second or third line treatment, marijuana may be excellent.
Learn more about Medical Marijuana Card Arizona. Stop by Medical Marijuana Certifications site where you can find out all about AZ med marijuana card and what it can do for you.